Heating system for coke ovens



Aug. 25, 1942. A. TAYLOR ET Al. 2,294,005

HEATING SYSTEM FOR COKE OVENS S Ei N E Q, E S E g. B S S Q. N S S E N S N L mem/kvm @@@WZZQ@@ZZZWWWZZZZZQWZ@ Aug. 25, 1942. A. TAYLOR E'r-Al.

HEATING SYSTEM FOR COKE: OvENs Filed sept. 11, 1940 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Aug. 25, 1942 HEATING SYSTEM FOR COKE OVEN S Alan Taylor and Albert Norman Clark; Gilaford. England, assignors to Woodall-Duckham (1920) Limited, Guildford, England, a f British lcoin- "Dany .Application September 11, 1940, Serial No.'3576,398 In Great Britain September .11,.1939

2 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in heating systems for coke-ovens.

The invention is applicable to ovens heated by rich gas (e g. coal gas) only, and also to the so-called combination ovens which are adaptable for heating either by rich gas or by a lean gas such as blast-furnace gas.

When rich gas and air are supplied together to the base of a heating-nue of a coke-oven, the rapid combustion of the rich gas tends to liberate excessive heat in the lower part of the flue, with the result that there is a tendency for the lower part of the ue (and consequently the adjacent part of the charge in the oven) to be overheated, while the llame does not extend fully to the top of the flue, which is correspondingly underheated. Various proposals have previously been made for obtaining uniform heating with rich gas tiring; for example, a portion of the products of combustion have been returned to the base of the flue to dilute the combustion gases land so lengthen the flame. It has also been proposed to' begin the combustion at alternate low and high levels in successive flues, so that on the average the heating is uniform over the full height of the oven.

The object of the invention is to provide a heating system for coke-ovens in which, when the heating is eiected by rich gas, the heat is uniformly distributed over the entire height of the oven.

According to the present invention, in a cokeoven having vertical up-burning he'ating-flues, rich gas for combustion is introduced into each ilue at the same level and at a substantial distance above the base of the llue through an orice adapted to give a vertical non-turbulent stream of gas, and combustion air is introduced into the base of the ue through an orice also adapted to give a vertical and non-turbulent stream of air, and the rich gas and the air enter the ilue at approximately equal velocities.

A further feature of th'e invention consists in the introduction of the rich gas to each flue through a vertical tubular member supported on the base of the ilue.

The application of the invention to a coke-oven is illustrated 1n the accompanying drawings, in which Figure l shows a vertical longitudinal section through a coke-oven battery, th'e right-hand portion being a section through the oven, and the left-hand portion a section through the heatingilue system.

Figure 2 is an enlarged sectionalised perspective viewofthebasefofa heating-liuc embodying the invention, and

Figure 3 is an enlarged section through the base of a heating-flue on the line A--A of Figure 1.

Referring to' the gures, 4 is the coke-oven in which coal is coked by the heat generated by the combustion of fuel gas and air in the heatingues 5. When the oven is heated by rich gas (e. g. coal gas) the rich gas may be supplied to the lower end of the flues 5 through the gas duct 6 and the regulating nozzles 'I, which latter are situated at the bottom of a well I I extending below the base ofthe flue 5, while combustion air, preheated in the regenerators 8, is supplied through the passages 9. When the oven is of the kind known as an Underjet-fired oven the rich gas is supplied in controlled amounts to the ues 5 from distributing headers situated in the oven basement below the regenerators, through vertical ducts in the vertical division walls between the regenerators, the air supply to the flues being as before. If the ovens are arranged as combination ovens then, when operating on lean gas (e. g. blast-furnace gas) the lean gas is preheated in one set of regenerators and the air is preheated in another set of regenerators, and the streams of preheated gas and air are fed together to the ues through the passages 9.

In accordance with the present invention the rich gas (whether supplied through the duct 6 o'r by an underjet system) is led into the lower end of each flue 5 through a vertical refractory tube I0 arranged as a continuation of the well I I. The rich gas outletI from the tube IIJ is at the same fixed level in each flue 5 of the heating wall, at a level of, say, nine to fteen inches above the base of the ue 5 in the case of a ilue nine feet high. The gas pressure and the dimensions of the tube Ill are so co-related that the correct amount of gas enters the ue in a vertical jet which is, as far as is practicable, non-turbulent.

The combustion air enters the base of the flue through the port I2 formed 'at the junction of the passages 9. The port I2 has smooth sides adapted to give, as far as is practicable, a streamline (nonturbulent) form to the vertical stream of air entering the ilue.

Further, in accordance with the present invention, it is arranged that the velocities of the air stream from the port I2 and of the gas stream from the tube I0 are approximately equal. Hence the gas and air ascend the flue in parallel streams at approximately equal velocities, commingling only slowly owing to the absence of excessive turbulence in the streams, and thus providing a gradual combustion extending over the greater part of the height of the flue, below .the gas tube I0 being effectively heated by radiation from the flame. In this manner, an average uniform heating is effected over the full height of the oven 4.

An advantage of introducing the air stream through the port I2 below the opening of the gas tube I0 is that eddies created at the mouth of the port die away or diminish in the interval before the gas stream is encountered.

We claim:

1. In a heating system for coke ovens having a series of vertical heating flues' and means for supplying air and rich gas to said nues; means providing each of said nues with a transverse bottom wall, the bottom wall of each iiue having a vertically disposed well opening downwardly from said nue, each of said wells communicating with said rich gas supply means at the lower end of the wells; a gas regulating nozzle of lesser diameter than said well disposed at the bottom of each said well and affording the sole means of communication between said rich gas supply means and the respective wells; and a tubular burner nozzle disposed within each ue at the upper end of the well whereby to deliver rich gas from said Well to said flue in a non-turbulent stream at a point appreciably above the bottom wall of the nue, the bottom wall of each flue being `provided with an air duct communicating with said air supply means and opening into said iiue at a point below the top of said burner nozzle and Y exterior thereto.

2. The apparatus described in claim 1, wherein said tubular burner nozzles are of substantially the same internal diameter as said wells and are removably supported on the bottom wall of the ues within annular shoulders concentrically disposed with respect to said wells.

ALAN TAYLOR. ALBERT NORMAN CLARK. 

